80/20 Automation
For over two decades now, the holy grail of robotics and automation has been full autonomy: machines and software that can operate completely on their own, seamlessly navigating the messy, human world around them. From self-driving cars to fully digital “Industry 4.0” factories to humanoid robots poised to replace human labour, we’ve been promised transformative revolutions. Yet, time and again, we find ourselves with capable but limited technologies that deliver incremental gains rather than the seismic shifts we were sold. In this article, I argue that our cultural obsession with full autonomy blinds us to a more powerful and achievable opportunity: collaborative automation—systems designed around humans and computers each doing what they do best. My own journey with automation began as a controls engineering co-op in 2003 at the Nemak (formerly Ford) Windsor Aluminum Plant. A foundry is about as messy as it gets, but here was a modern facility built on mid-1990s technology, an...